Shakthipanchakshari

This is the Shaktipanchakshari form of Shiva and Parvati depicted in this panel. There is Shiva, golden-skinned, with three eyes, tiger skin cloth, and green upper garment, and necklace of skulls, sitting on a throne. On his crown, there is Ganga and a serpent and the crescent moon. He is wearing earrings, necklaces, crown, bangles, armlets, rings, and anklets. Below is pulitholu, or tiger skin clothing. He is wearing a cloth patterned with green and red stripes. On his lap is Devi Parvati. She is green-skinned and is holding a lotus flower in her hand. Shiva is four-armed. He has an axe on his upper right hand, a deer on his upper left hand, his lower right hand in abhaya mudra, his lower left hand in varada mudra. Parvati is wearing a yellow skin garment, upper part of the dhoti is made up of green and red striped cloth. She is wearing earrings, necklaces, armlets, bangles, rings, and anklets, and a crown. To her left is Subramanya on top of a peacock. He is yellow-skinned and holding a veil or spear in his right hand, and his other hand is raised in abhaya mudra. To the right of Shiva is Ganapathi, with elephant head, golden skin, holding a broken tusk in his hand, and holding the head of the mouse, his mount, with the other hand. There are several sages surrounding them, three white-skinned, two golden-skinned, and one green-skinned. They all have long flowing beards and hair made up in a bun. They all are wearing strings of rudraksha and have their hands, palms folded together in anjali mudra. The pedestal upon which Shiva and Parvati is seated is ornately decorated. Below them there is Ardhanarishvara being depicted. Half of the body of Ardhanarishvara is green-skinned and holding a lotus flower. It represents the essence of Parvati. The other side is yellow-skinned and holding a trishul and an axe in both of its arms. There is partial. The crown is also divided into half, with half a serpent, Ganga, and crescent moon on top of it. Shiva wears a green upper clothing. Parvati is bare-breasted, as in the Ardhanarishvara form. Shiva is also seen wearing a leopard's tiger skin on his part of the body, while Parvati is wearing a yellow skin dhoti in her part of the body. They are standing in a pedestal. This figure suggests the union of male and female. To the left of this figure is Mohini. She is holding a white ball in her right hand and is holding the end of her sari using her left hand. She is decked with jewelry. She is yellow-skinned and in a playful mood. She has long flowing hair and a crown above her head. She is worshipped by sages on her left and right sides. The sages are white in color and holding their hands together in anjali mudra. They have long flowing beards. Beside Mohini is the form of Durga. Durga is seated above upon a lion. She is green-skinned and has four arms. One arm is holding a bow. The other is holding a shankha or conch shell. The upper right arm is holding the chakra, and the lower right arm is holding the arrow. The lion is white-skinned. She is also decked with jewelry. She seems all ready for battle. She is also revered by sages. A white-skinned sage appears beside her, holding his hands together in anjali mudra. The entire background of the scene of the panel is covered in red color, and there are mashipoovu motifs also depicted. Shiva's throne has two lions on either side of it.

Iconography

Primary Deity/Figure
Shiva and Parvathi
Secondary Figures
Ardhanareeswaran, Durga, Ganapathi, Mohini, Subrahmanya
Iconographic Form
Shakthipanchakshari
Iconographic Attributes
There are different deities depicted in this panel. At the center there is Shiva and Parvati, Parvati seated on Shiva's lap. Shiva has four arms and is holding an axe and a deer in two of his upper arms and Abhaya mudra in his lower right hand and Varada mudra in his lower left hand. Parvati is green-skinned and is holding a lotus flower in one of her hands. The other hand is not visible. They are sitting on a pedestal that is ornately decorated with carvings. They are flanked on the left and right by Subramanya and Ganapathi, who are both on their respective mounts, the peacock and the mouse. There are several sages who are holding their palms together in Anjali mudra, three on the right side and three on the left side. Below them there are several other figures. First, to the lower left of the panel is the image of Ardhanarishvara, or the form where, Shiva takes half portion of the body and Parvati takes the other half of the body. The figure has three arms. There are two arms on Shiva's part of the body where he is holding an axe and the other hand is holding a trishula or trident. On Parvati's green-skinned half she is holding a lotus flower. It depicts the union of masculine and feminine. Beside Ardhanarishvara is the image of golden-skinned Mohini playing with a ball. She is ornamented and wears a red colored dhoti. Beside Mohini is green-skinned Durga on a lion, white-skinned lion. She has four arms, holding a chakra in her upper right hand and a shankha or conch in her upper left hand. Her lower right hand is holding an arrow and her lower left hand is holding a bow. They are all surrounded by sages worshipping them with Anjali mudras. The entire backdrop is red colored with mashipoovu motifs.
Rasa
Shanta

Spatial & Architectural

Temple
Palace interior
Zone within Temple
Doorway
Position in Pradakshina Sequence
Not Applicable
Adjacent Panels
Koodamanikyaswamy and Sreerama

Narrative

Textual Source
Non-narrative
Mythological Tale
This scene shows the balance between masculine and feminine energy. Shiva and Parvati are the central figures, and are surrounded by their children Ganapathi and Subrahmanya. This is a common depiction found in Kerala mural paintings. Nandi is usually depicted at the feet of the Gods.
Episode
Non-narrative

Condition & Documentation

Condition
Good
Deterioration Type
Pigment loss
Restoration Status
Unrestored
Documentation Type
DSLR full panel
Permission Basis
ASI permission
Date of Documentation
01/08/2024
Artist
Unknown
Identifier
MCP_P019
Rights / Notes
These images may not be reproduced, redistributed, or used for commercial purposes without prior permission.